1.  Centers for Disease Control, “Cancer Prevention and Control, Colorectal Cancer, Screen for Life, Facts on Screening” [Online] 16 July 2004. http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/screenforlife/fs_detailed.htm.

2.  Nelson H, Sargent DJ, Wieand HS, et al. A Comparison of Laparoscopically Assisted and Open Colectomy for Colon Cancer. The Clinical Outcomes of Surgical Therapy Study Group. N Engl J Med 2004 May;350:2050 9.

3.  Centers for Disease Control, “Cancer Prevention and Control, Colorectal Cancer, Screen for Life, Facts on Screening” [Online] 30 July 2004. http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/screenforlife/quanda.htm.

4.  Jackson Gastroenterology, 2004 Camp Hill, PA [Online] 2004 http://www.gicare.com/pated/ecdgs01.htm.

5.  American Society of Colon & Rectal Surgeons, "Colorectal Diseases and Procedures"[Online] 24 August 2004. http://www.fascrs.org/displaycommon.

6.  Colon Polyps & Colon Cancer by Donald E. Mansell, MD Board Certified Gastroenterologist 2001 [Online] http://personalweb.sunset.net/~mansell/polyp.htm.

7.  MedicineNet, "Crohn’s Disease" [Online] 16 July 2004.http://www.medicinenet.com/crohns_disease/article.htm.

8.  National Digestive Diseases Info. Clearinghouse- NDDIC [Online] 25 August 2004 http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov

9.  Chrohn's and Colitis Foundation of America [Online] 25 August 2004 http://www.ccfa.org/research/info/aboutcd

10.  Intestinal Disease Foundation [Online] 25 August 2004 http://www.intestinalfoundation.org/library/diverticular.shtml.

11.  The Clinical Outcomes of Surgical Therapy Study Group. A comparison of laparoscopically assisted and open colectomy for colon cancer. N Engl J Med 2004:350:2050-2059.

12. Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), “Patient Information for Laparoscopic Colon Resection from SAGES” [Online] March 2004. http://www.sages.org/sagespublicationprint.php?doc=PI09

13. National Cancer Institute, “What You Need to Know About Cancer of the Colon and Rectum” [Online] 11 August 2004. http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/colon-andrectum/page9

14. Wire Loop Endoscopy. How Are Polyps Treated? What I Need to Know About Colon Polyps. National Digestive Diseases Clearinghouse. http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/colonpolyps_ez/index.htm#7. Accessed October 24, 2005.

15. The following stages are used for colon cancer. Stages of Colon Cancer. Colon Cancer: Treatment. Cancer Topics. National Cancer Institute. http://www.nci.nih.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/colon/Patient/page2#Keypoint6. Accessed June 20, 2005.